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Encyclopedia Britannica



SARAN

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 204 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SAC-SAR
SARAN , a
district
  of British India, in the Tirhut division of Bengal. Area, 2674 sq. m. It is a vast alluvial plain, 'possessing scarcely any undulations, but with a genera] inclination towards the
south
 -
east
 , as indicated by the flow of the rivers in that direction. The principal rivers, besides the Ganges, are the
Gandak
  and Gogra, which are navigable throughout the year. The
district
  has long been noted for its high state of cultivation. It yields large crops of
rice
 , besides other cereals, pulses, oil seeds, poppy, indigo and sugar-cane.
The population in 1901 was 2,409,509, showing a decrease of 2.2 %, compared with an increase of 7.4% in the previous decade. The
average
  density of population, 901 per square mile, is the, highest rate for all India. The indigo industry, formerly of the first importance, has declined, and sugar refining has in
great
  part taken its place. Some saltpetre is produced, and shellac is manufactured, Saran is exposed to drought and flood. It suffered from the
famine
  of 1874, and again in 1896-1899. An irrigation
scheme
  from the river
Gandak
 , started in 1878, proved a failure, after' a
capital
  expenditure of Rs. 7,00,000. The Bengal North-Western railway runs through the
south
  of the district. The administrative headquarters are at Chapra.
See Saran District Gazetteer (Calcutta, 1908).


End of Article: SARAN


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