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Encyclopedia Britannica



SALIERI, ANTONIO (1750-1825)

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 70 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SAC-SAR
SALIERI, ANTONIO (1750-1825) , Italian composer, was born at Legnano, on the 19th of August 1750. His father was a merchant who died a bankrupt. Through the family of
Mocenigo
  he obtained free admission to the choir school of St Mark's, Venice. In 1766 he was taken to Vienna by F. L. Gassmann, who introduced him to the emperor Joseph. His first opera, Le Donne letterate, was produced at the Burg-Theater in 177o. Others followed in rapid succession, and his Amides (1771) was a triumphant success.
On Gassmann's death in 1774, he became Kapellmeister and, on the death of Benno in 1788, Hofkapellmeister. He held his offices for fifty years, though he made frequent visits to
Italy
  and Paris, and composed music for many European theatres. His chef d'oeuvre was literate (afterwards called Axur, re d'Ormus), a
work
  which was preferred by the public of Vienna to Mozart's Don Giovanni. It was first produced at Vienna on the 8th of June 1787, and was revived at
Leipzig
  in 1846, though only for a single representation. His last opera was Die Neger, produced in 1804. After this he devoted himself to the composition of
church
  music, for which he had a very decided talent. Salieri lived on friendly terms with Haydn, but was a
bitter
  enemy to Mozart, whose death he was suspected of having produced by poison; but no evidence was ever forthcoming to give colour to the accusation. He retired from office on his full salary in 1824, and died at Vienna on the 7th of May 1825. Salieri gave lessons in composition to
Cherubini
  and to Beethoven, who dedicated to him his " Three Sonatas for
Pianoforte
  and
Violin
 ," Op. I2.
See also Albert von Hermann, Antonio Salieri, eine Studie (1897) ; J. F. Edler von Mosel, Uber das Leben and die Werke des Antonio Salieri (Vienna, 1827).


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