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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RON-SAC |
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ROTROU, JEAN DE (1609-1650) , French tragic poet, was born on the 19th or loth of August 1609, at Dreux in Normandy. Rotrou studied at Dreux and at Paris, and, though three years younger than Corneille, began play-writing before him. In 1632 he became ;playwright to the actors of the Hotel de Bourgogne. With few exceptions, the only events recorded of his life are the successive appearances of his plays and his enrolment in 1635 in the band of five poets who had the duty of turning Richelieu's dramatic ideas into shape. Rotrou's own first piece, L'Hypocondriaque (pr. 1631), dedicated to the Comte de Soissons, seigneur of Dreux, appeared when he was only eighteen. In the same year he published a collection of Euvres poetiques, including elegies, epistles and religious verse. His second piece, La Bague de l'oubli (pr. 1635), an adaptation in part from the Sortija del Olvido of Lope de Vega, was much more characteristic. It is the first of several plays in which Rotrou endeavoured to naturalize in France the romantic comedy which had flourished in Spain and England instead of the classical tragedy of Seneca and the classical comedy of Terence. Corneille hadleanings in the same direction. Rotrou's brilliant but hasty and unequal work
letter long accepted as Corneille's, that Rotrou was his generous defender in this matter. He appears to have been no more than neutral, but is credited with an attempt at reconciliation between the parties in a pamphlet printed in 1637, L'Incognu et veritable amy de messieurs de Scudery et Corneille. M. de Belin died in 1637,ROTTA and in 1639 Rotrou bought the post of lieutenant particulier au bailliage at Dreux. In the next year he married Marguerite Camus
magistrate and Pere de female. Among his pieces written before his marriage
martyr
original
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In i65o the plague broke out at Dreux. Rotrou remained at his post, although urgently desired to save himself by going to Paris; caught the disease, and died in a few hours. He was buried at Dreux on the 28th of June 1650. Rotrou's great fertility (he left thirty-five collected plays besides others lost, strayed or uncollected), and perhaps the uncertainty of dramatic plan shown by his hesitation almost to the last between the classical and the romantic style have injured his work
A complete edition of Rotrou was edited in five volumes by Viollet le Duc in 1822. In 1882 M. de Ronchaud published a handsome edition of six playsSaint Genest, Venceslas, Don Bertrand de Cabrere, Antigone, Hercule Mourant and Cosroes. Venceslas and Saint Genest are also to be found in the Chefs-d'oeuvre Tragiques of the Collection Didot. Rotrou's brother, Pierre Rotrou de Saudreville, left a memoir of him which is unfortunately lost, but this is cited by the Abbe Brillon (1671-t736) as his authority in a Notice biographique sur Jean Rotrou, first printed in 1885 at Chartres under the editorship of L. Merlet. Other good earlier authorities are Niceron, Memoires pour servir a l'histoire des hommes illustres (1731), vol. xvi. pp. 89-97; and the duke de la Valliere, Bibl. du theatre francois depuis son origine (Dresden, 1768), vol. ii. pp. 155-273. Modern works are by J. Jarry, Essai sur les oeuvres dramatiques de Jean Rotrou (Paris and Lille, 1868) ; Leonce Person, Hist. du Venceslas de Rotrou, suivie de notes critiques et biographiques (1882), in which many legends about Rotrou are discredited; Hist. du veritable Saint Genest de Rotrou (1882), Les Papiers de Pierre Rotrou de Saudreville (1883) ; Henri Chardon, La Vie de Rotrou mieux connue (1884) ; and Georg Steffens, Jean de Rotrou als Nachahmer Lope de Vega's (Berlin, 1891). End of Article: ROTROU, JEAN DE (1609-1650) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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