ROLL, ALFRED PHILIPPE (1846 )

This article appears in Volume V23, Page 466 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RHY-RON

ROLL, ALFRED PHILIPPE (1846 ) , French painter, was born in Paris on the 1st of

March

1846. Pupil of Ger6me and Bonnat at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, he made his debut at the Salon in 1870 with " Environs of Baccarat " and " Evening," and attracted the widest attention in 1875 by his colossal painting of " The Flood at Toulouse " (now at the

Havre

HAVRE
HAVRE, LE

Museum). All his early

work

WORK

is imbued with the spirit of romanticism under the influence of Gericault, whilst his colour tended to Bolognese heaviness with a strong leaning towards dark shadows in the flesh painting, in which he closely followed Courbet. In 1877 he showed at the Salon the " Fete of Silenus " (now at the

Ghent

GHENT (Flem. Gent, Fr. Gand)

Museum), a painting of such vivid colour and exuberant life that it recalls the

work

WORK

of Jordaens. About this time he began to devote himself to the realistic rendering of modern life, especially among the working classes, and together with romantic subjects he abandoned his earlier heavy colouring, and devoted himself to the study of free light. His " Miners' Strike " of 188o (now at the

Valenciennes

VALENCIENNES

Museum) placed him in the front rank of modern French painters, and from that date his career was one of continuous and brilliant success. He became " official painter " to the
French government, and was entrusted with numerous commissions for the decoration of public buildings and for commemorative pictures, like the " President Carnot at

Versailles

VERSAILLES

at the Centenary of the Etats Generaux " (now at

Versailles

VERSAILLES

Palace), and " The Tzar and President Faure laying the Foundation Stone of the Alexandre III. Bridge." For the Hotel de Ville he executed " The Pleasures of Life " and " The Rosetime of Youth." Besides the pictures already mentioned, a vast number of his works are to be found in the public galleries of France. The museum of the Hotel de Ville in Paris owns his " National Fete at Paris in 188o "; the Cognac Museum, " Labour, Works at Suresnes "; the Luxembourg, his " War " and " Manda Lametrie, farm-hand." At Avignon Museum is the " Don Juan and Haidee "; at Laval Museum, "

Halt

HALT

! "; at

Fontainebleau

FONTAINEBLEAU

Palace, " In Normandy "; at Pau Museum, " Roubey, cementer"; and at the Museum of Geneva, " Marianne Offrey, crieuse de vert." In

portraiture

PORTRAITURE

he is known by his " Yves Guyot," " Coquelin

cadet

CADET (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. capitettum, a diminutive of caput, head, through the Provencal form capdet)

," " Jules Simon," &c., but his greatest success was the group of " Fritz Thaulow and his Wife." In 1905 he replaced Carolus-Duran as president of the Societe Nationale des Beaux-Arts, of which he was one of the founders.

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