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Encyclopedia Britannica



ROLL, ALFRED PHILIPPE (1846 )

This article appears in Volume V23, Page 466 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RHY-RON
ROLL, ALFRED PHILIPPE (1846 ) , French painter, was born in Paris on the 1st of
March
  1846. Pupil of Ger6me and Bonnat at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, he made his debut at the Salon in 1870 with " Environs of Baccarat " and " Evening," and attracted the widest attention in 1875 by his colossal painting of " The Flood at Toulouse " (now at the
Havre
  Museum). All his early
work
  is imbued with the spirit of romanticism under the influence of Gericault, whilst his colour tended to Bolognese heaviness with a strong leaning towards dark shadows in the flesh painting, in which he closely followed Courbet. In 1877 he showed at the Salon the " Fete of Silenus " (now at the
Ghent
  Museum), a painting of such vivid colour and exuberant life that it recalls the
work
  of Jordaens. About this time he began to devote himself to the realistic rendering of modern life, especially among the working classes, and together with romantic subjects he abandoned his earlier heavy colouring, and devoted himself to the study of free light. His " Miners' Strike " of 188o (now at the
Valenciennes
  Museum) placed him in the front rank of modern French painters, and from that date his career was one of continuous and brilliant success. He became " official painter " to the
French government, and was entrusted with numerous commissions for the decoration of public buildings and for commemorative pictures, like the " President Carnot at
Versailles
  at the Centenary of the Etats Generaux " (now at
Versailles
  Palace), and " The Tzar and President Faure laying the Foundation Stone of the Alexandre III. Bridge." For the Hotel de Ville he executed " The Pleasures of Life " and " The Rosetime of Youth." Besides the pictures already mentioned, a vast number of his works are to be found in the public galleries of France. The museum of the Hotel de Ville in Paris owns his " National Fete at Paris in 188o "; the Cognac Museum, " Labour, Works at Suresnes "; the Luxembourg, his " War " and " Manda Lametrie, farm-hand." At Avignon Museum is the " Don Juan and Haidee "; at Laval Museum, "
Halt
 ! "; at
Fontainebleau
  Palace, " In Normandy "; at Pau Museum, " Roubey, cementer"; and at the Museum of Geneva, " Marianne Offrey, crieuse de vert." In
portraiture
  he is known by his " Yves Guyot," " Coquelin
cadet
 ," " Jules Simon," &c., but his greatest success was the group of " Fritz Thaulow and his Wife." In 1905 he replaced Carolus-Duran as president of the Societe Nationale des Beaux-Arts, of which he was one of the founders.


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