RICHARD, ST

This article appears in Volume V23, Page 293 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RHY-RON

RICHARD, ST , of Wyche (c. 1197-1253), English saint and bishop, was named after his birthplace, Droitwich in Worcester-shire. Educated at Oxford, he soon began to teach in the university, of which he became chancellor, probably after he had studied in Paris and in Bologna. About 1235 he became chancellor of the diocese of Canterbury under Archbishop Edmund Rich, and he was with the archbishop during his

exile

EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap,
consul
- CONSUL
- CONSUL (in Gr. generally ihraros,ashortened form of errpavgybs 8hraeos, i.e. praetor maximus)
, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

in France. Having returned to England some time after Edmund's death in 1240 he became

vicar

VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

of Deal and chancellor of Canterbury for the second time. In 1244 he was elected bishop of Chichester, being consecrated at Lyons by Pope Innocent IV. in March 1245, although

Henry

III. refused to give him the temporalities of the see, the king favouring the candidature of Robert Passelewe (d. 1252). In 1246, however, Richard obtained the temporalities. The new bishop showed much eagerness to reform the manners and morals of his clergy, and also to introduce greater order and reverence into the services of the church. His term of office was also marked by the favour which he showed to the Dominicans, a

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of this order at Orleans having sheltered him during his stay in France, and by his earnestness in preaching a crusade. He died at Dover in April 1253. It was generally believed that miracles were wrought at his tomb in Chichester cathedral, which was long a popular place of

pilgrimage

PILGRIMAGE (Fr. pelerinage, Lat. peregrinatio)

, and in 1262 he was canonized at Viterbo by Pope Urban IV. Richard furnished the chronicler,

Matthew

Paris, with material for the life of Edmund Rich, and instituted the offerings for the cathedral at Chichester which were known later as " St Richard's pence,"
His life by his confessor, Ralph Bocking, is published in the Acta Sanctorum of the Bollandists, where a later and shorter life
by John Capgrave is also to be found.

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