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Encyclopedia Britannica



RHODOCHROSITE

This article appears in Volume V23, Page 269 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RAY-RHU
RHODOCHROSITE , a
mineral
  species consisting of
manganese
  carbonate, MnCO3, crystallizing in the rhombohedral
system
  and isomorphous with
calcite
 . It usually occurs as cleavable, compact or botryoidal masses, distinct crystals being somewhat rare; these often have the form of the primitive rhombohedron, parallel to the faces of which there are perfect cleavages. When pure, the
mineral
  contains 47.7% of
manganese
 , but this is usually partly replaced by varying amounts of
iron
 , and sometimes by
calcium
 , magnesium, zinc, or rarely
cobalt
  (
cobalt
 -manganese-spar). With these variations in chemical composition the specific gravity varies from 3.45 to 3.6o; the hardness is 4. The colour is usually rose-red, but may sometimes be grey to brown. The name rhodochrosite, from the
Greek
  /Soso-xptes (rose-coloured), has reference to the characteristic colour of the mineral: manganese-spar and dialogite are synonyms. It is found in mineral veins with ores of silver, lead, copper, &c., or in' deposits of manganese ore. Crystals have been met with in the mines at Kapnik-Banya and Nagyag near
Deva
  in Transylvania and at Diez in Nassau, but by far the best specimens are from Colorado. The mineral is used to a limited extent in the manufacture of spiegeleisen and ferromanganese.


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