REVENUE (0. Fr. revenu, from revenir, to return)

This article appears in Volume V23, Page 223 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RAY-RHU

REVENUE (0. Fr. revenu, from revenir, to return) , income, return, or profit; more particularly the receipts from all sources of a government or state. The revenue of a state is largely made up of

taxation

, and the general principles of taxes are discussed in

TAXATION

and FINANCE. In some countries the public or state domain may contribute substantially to the revenue, as do the crown forests in

Russia

RUSSIA
RUSSIA (Rossiya)

, while in other countries important contributions are made from the state railways, post and telegraph services, &c. For the historical development of the

English

ENGLISH

revenue see

ENGLISH

ENGLISH

FINANCE, and for other countries see the sections on finance in the articles dealing with the various countries. In the United Kingdom the

term

TERM

inland revenue is used to denote that

part

PART

of the revenue which is derived from death duties, stamps and other taxes, such as income tax, land tax, inhabited

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

duty, &c. The Board of Inland Revenue is a

special

SPECIAL

department of the English civil service, with headquarters at Somerset

House

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

. The Board consists of a chairman,

deputy

DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

chairman, and two commissioners, with

joint

JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

secretaries, assistant secretaries and a staff of officials. The other important department engaged in the collection of the English revenue is the Board of Customs and Excise. The excise department was formerly a branch of the inland revenue, but was amalgamated with the customs department on the 1st of April 1909. The Board of Customs and Excise is constituted as is the Board of Inland Revenue.
In the United States the greater proportion of the national revenue ($547,086,992 out of $663,217,677 in 1909) is derived from customs and internal revenue. The internal revenue consists for the most

part

PART

of receipts from taxes on spirits, tobaccos and fermented liquors. In 1909 the amount derived from customs revenue was $300,977,438, and internal revenue, $246,109,554.

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