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Encyclopedia Britannica



RETZ, SEIGNEURS AND DUKES OF

This article appears in Volume V23, Page 203 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: RAY-RHU
RETZ, SEIGNEURS AND DUKES OF . The
district
  of Retz or Rais, in S. Brittany, belonged in early times to a
house
  which bore its name, and of which the eldest branch became
extinct
  in the 13th century in the Chabot family. From the Chabot family the lordship passed to the Lavals. Gilles de
Laval
 , sire de Retz (1404-1440), the comrade-in-arms of Joan of Arc and
marshal
  of France, gave himself over to the most revolting debauchery, and was strangled and burned at Nantes. The barony of Retz passed successively to the families of Tournemine, Annebaut and Gondi. In 1581 it was erected into a duchy in the peerage of France (duchy-pairie) for Albert de Gondi,
marshal
  of France and general of the galleys. Pierre de Gondi, brother of the first duc de Retz, became
bishop
  of Paris in 1570 and cardinal in 1587. He was succeeded by his nephews, Henri (d. 1622) and
Jean
  Francois de Gondi (d. 1654), for whom the episcopal see of Paris was erected into an arch-bishopric in 1622, and by his
great
 -nephew,
Jean
  Francois Paul de Gondi, the famous cardinal de Retz. With the death of the last male of the
house
  of Gondi in 1676 the duchy-pairie became
extinct
 ; the lordship passed to the house of Neuville-Villeroy.
(M. P.*)


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