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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PYR-RAY |
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RAMBOUILLET, CATHERINE DE VIVONNE, MARQUISE DE (1588-1665) , a lady famous in the literary history of France, was born in 1588. She was the daughter and heiress of Jean de Vivonne, marquis of ,Pisani, and her mother Giulia was of the noble Roman family of Savelli. She was married at twelve years old to Charles d'Angennes, vidame of Le Mans, and after-wards marquis of Rambouillet. The young marquise found the coarseness and intrigue that then reigned in the French court little to her taste, and after the birth of her eldest daughter, Julie d'Angennes, in 1607, she began to gather round her the circle afterwards so famous. She established herself at the HOtel Pisani, called later the Had. de Rambouillet, the site of which is close to the Grands Magasins du Louvre. Mme de Rambouillet took great trouble to arrange her house
house
establishment of a standard of clear and adequate expression. Mme de Rambouillet was known as the " incomparable Arthenice," the name being an anagram for Catherine, devised by Malherbe
Racan
Among the more noteworthy incidents in the story of the Hotel are the sonnet war between the Uranistes and the Jobistespartisans of two famous sonnets by Voiture and Benserageand the composition by all the famous poets of the day of the Guirlande de Julie, a collection of poems on different flowers
The Precieuses, who are usually associated with Moliere's avowed caricatures and with the extravagances of Mlle. de Scudery, but whose name, it must be remembered, Madame de Sevigne herself was proud to bearinsisted on a ceremonious gallantry from their suitors and friends, though it seems from the account given by Tallemant des Reaux that practical jokes of a mild kind were by no means excluded from the Hotel de Rambouillet. They especially favoured an elaborate and quintessenced kind of colloquial and literary expression, imitated from Marini and Gongora, and then fashionable throughout Europe. The immortal Precieuses ridicules of Moliere was no doubt directly levelled not at the Hotel de Rambouillet itself, but at the numerous coteries which in the course of years had sprung up in imitation of it. But the satire did in truth touch the originators as well as the imitators,the former'more closely perhaps than they perceived. The Hotel de Rambouillet continued open till the death of its mistress, on the 2nd of December 1665, but the troubles of the Fronde diminished its influence.The chief
original
Victor Cousin, La Societe francaise au xvii siecle (2 vols., 1856), and C. L. Livet, Precieux et Precieuses . . . (1859). There is an admirable edition (1875) of the Guirlande de Julie by O. Uzanne.End of Article: RAMBOUILLET, CATHERINE DE VIVONNE, MARQUISE DE (1588-1665) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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