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Encyclopedia Britannica



RADIUS

This article appears in Volume V22, Page 808 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PYR-RAY
RADIUS , properly a straight rod, bar or staff, the
original
  meaning of the Latin word, to which also many of the various meanings seen in
English
  were attached; it was thus applied to the spokes of a
wheel
 , to the semi-
diameter
  of a circle or sphere and to a ray or
beam
  of
light
 , " ray " itself coming through the Fr. raie from radius. From this last sense comes" radiant," " radiation," and allied words. In
mathematics
 , a radius is a straight line
drawn
  from the centre to the circumference of a circle or to the surface of a sphere; in anatomy the name is applied to the outer one of the two bones of the fore-arm in man or to the corresponding bone in the fore-leg of animals. It is also used in various other anatomical senses in botany, ichthyology, entomology, &c. A further application of the
term
  is to an area the extent of which is marked by the length of the radius from the point which is taken as the centre; thus, in London, for the purpose of reckoning the fare of hackney-carriages, the radius is taken as extending four miles in any direction from Charing.
Cross
 .


End of Article: RADIUS


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