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Encyclopedia Britannica



QUATERNARY

This article appears in Volume V22, Page 718 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PYR-RAY
QUATERNARY , in
geology
 , the time - division which embraces the Pleistocence and Holocene epochs, i.e. the later portion of the Cainozoic era, equivalent to the " Post-
Pliocene
  " or " Post-Tertiary " of certain writers. The
term
  was proposed by J. Desnoyers in 1829 to cover those formations which were formed just anterior to the present. There are other ways of regarding the Quaternary time. Sir A.
Geikie
  (Text Book of
Geology
 , 4th ed., 1903) divides it into an upper, post-glacial or Human period, and a lower,
Pleistocene
  or Glacial period; but he subdivides the former into an Historic and a Prehistoric epoch, a
scheme
  presenting difficulties, for the
Palaeolithic
  or lower stage of prehistoric time cannot really be separated from the
Pleistocene
  (q.v.). E. Kayser (Formationskunde, 3rd. ed., 1906), who is in agreement with the definition accepted above, employs a nomenclature which is rarely adopted by British geologists; he divides the Quartarformation (Quartar) into a younger,
modern
  epoch, the
Alluvium
 , and an older epoch, the Pleistocene or Diluvium (= Glacial). A. de Lapparent, on the other hand (Traite de geologie, 5th ed., 1906), treats the Era moderne or Quaternaire as a
great
  time division equivalent in value to the Tertiary, Secondary, &c., which is so far represented only by a first epoch, the Pleistocene.


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