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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PRE-PYR |
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PUSEY, EDWARD BOUVERIE (1800-1882) , English divine, was born at Pusey near Oxford on the 22nd of August 'Soo. His father was Philip Bouverie (d. 1828), a younger son of Jacob Bouverie, 1st Viscount Folkestone, and took the name of Pusey on succeeding to the manorial estates at that place. After having been at Eton, he became a commoner of Christ Church, Oxford, and was elected in 1824 to a fellowship at Oriel. He thus became a member of a society which already contained some of the ablest of his contemporariesamong them J. H. Newman and John Keble. Between 1825 and 1827 he studied Oriental languages and German theology at Gottingen. His first work, published in 1828, as an answer to Hugh James Rose's Cambridge lectures on rationalist tendencies in German theology, showed a good deal of sympathy with the German " pietists," who had striven to deliver Protestantism from its decadence; this sympathy was misunderstood, and Pusey was himself accused of holding rationalist views.In the same year (1828) the duke of Wellington appointed him to the regius professorship of Hebrew with the attached canonry of Christ Church. The misunderstanding of his position led to the publication in 1830 of a second part of Pusey's Historical Enquiry, in which he denied the charge of rationalism. But in the years which immediately followed the current of his thoughts began to set in another direction. The revolt against individualism had begun, and he was attracted to its standard. By the end of 1833 he showed a disposition to make common cause with those who had already begun to issue the Tracts for the Times. " He was not, however, fully associated in the movement
movement
bear his name: it was popularly known as Puseyism (sometimes as Newmania) and its adherents as Puseyites. His activity, both public and private, as leader of the movement was enormous. He was not only on the stage but also behind the scenes of every important controversy, whether theological or academical. In the Gorham controversy of 185o, in the question of Oxford reform in 1854, in the prosecution of some of the writers of Essays and Reviews, especially of Benjamin Jowett, in .1863, in the question as to the reform of the marriage
confession in the Church of England practically dates
worship . Of his larger works the most important are his two books on the EucharistThe Doctrine of the Re Presence (1855) and The Real Presence ...the Doctrine of ty , English Church (1857) ; Daniel the Prophet in which he endeavours to maintain the traditional date of that book; The Minor Prophets, with Commentary, his chief
In private life Pusey's habits were simple almost to austerity. He had few personal friends, and rarely mingled in general society; though bitter to opponents, he was gentle to those who knew him, and his munificent charities gave him a warm place in the hearts of many to whom he was personally unknown. In his domestic life he had some severe trials; his wife died, after eleven years of married life, in 1839; his only son, who was a scholar like-minded with himself, who had shared many of his literary labours, and who had edited an excellent edition of St Cyril's commentary on the minor prophets, died in 188o, after many years of suffering. From that time Pusey was seen by only a few persons. His strength gradually declined, and he died on the 16th of September 1882, after a short illness. He was buried at Oxford in the cathedral of which he had been for fifty-four years a canon. In his memory his friends purchased his library, and bought for it a house
House
Pusey is chiefly remembered as the eponymous representative of the earlier phase of a movement which carried with it no small part of the religious life of England in the latter half of the 19th century. His own chief
worship . With this revival of ceremonial Pusey had little sympathy: he at first protested against it (in a university sermon in 1859) ; and, though he came to defend those who were accused of breaking the law in their practice of it, he did so on the express ground that their practice was alien to his own. But this revival of ceremonial in its various degrees became the chief external characteristic of the new movement; and " Ritualist " thrust " Puseyite " aside as the designation of those who hold the doctrines for which he mainly contended. On the other hand, the pivot of his teaching was the appeal to primitive antiquity; and in this respect he helped to start inquiry which has since gone far beyond the materials which were open to one of his generation.See J. Rigg, Character and Life-Work of Dr Pusey (1883) ; B. W. Savile, Dr Pusey, an Historic Sketch, with Some Account of the Oxford Movement (1883), and especially the Life by Canon Liddon, completed by J. C. Johnston and R. J. Wilson (5 vols., 1893-1899), Newman's Apologia, and other literature of the Oxford Movement. Pusey's elder brother, PHILIP PUSSY (1799-1855), was a member of parliament and a friend and follower of Sir Robert Peel, He was one of the founders of the Royal Agricultural Society, and was chairman of the implement department of the great exhibition of 1851. He was a fellow of the Royal Society, a writer on varied topics to the reviews and the author of the hymn " Lord of our Life and God of our Salvation." End of Article: PUSEY, EDWARD BOUVERIE (1800-1882) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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