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Encyclopedia Britannica



PRIMUS, MARCUS ANTONIUS

This article appears in Volume V22, Page 342 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PRE-PYR
PRIMUS, MARCUS ANTONIUS , Roman general, was born at Tolosa in Gaul about A.D. 30-35. During the reign of Nero he was
resident
  in Rome and a member of the
senate
 , from which he was expelled for forgery in connexion with a will and was banished from the city. He was subsequently reinstated by Galba, and placed in command of the 7th legion in Pannonia. During the civil war he was one of Vespasian's strongest sup-porters. Advancing into
Italy
 , he gained a decisive victory over the Vitellians at Bedriacum (or Betriacum) in October 69, and on the same day stormed and set fire to Cremona. He then crossed the Apennines, and made his way to Rome, into which he forced an entrance after considerable opposition.
Vitellius
  was seized and put to death. For a few days
Primus
  was virtually ruler of Rome, and the
senate
  bestowed upon him the rank and insignia of a
consul
 . But on the arrival of
Licinius
 
Mucianus
  he was not only obliged to surrender his authority, but was treated with such ignominy that he left Rome.
Primus
  must have been alive during the reign of
Domitian
 , since four epigrams of Martial are addressed to him. Tacitus describes him as brave in action, ready of speech, clever at bringing others into odium, powerful in times of civil war and rebellion, greedy, extravagant, in peace a bad citizen, in war an ally not to be despised.
See Tacitus, Histories, ii., iii., iv.; Dio
Cassius
  lxv. 9-21.


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