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Encyclopedia Britannica



PREVOST, CONSTANT (1787-1856)

This article appears in Volume V22, Page 312 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PRE-PYR
PREVOST, CONSTANT (1787-1856) , French geologist, was born in Paris on the 4th of June 1787, and was son of Louis Prevost, receiver of the rentes of that city. He was educated at the Central Schools, where, inspired by the lectures of G. Cuvier, Alexandre
Brongniart
  and A. Dumeril, he determined to devote himself to natural science. He took his degree in Letters and Sciences in 1811, and for a time pursued the study of
medicine
  and anatomy. Mainly through the influence of
Brongniart
  he turned his attention to geology, and during the years 1816-1819 made a
special
  study of the Vienna Basin where he pointed out for the first time the presence of Tertiary strata like those of the Paris Basin, but including a
series
  of later date. His next
work
  (1821) was an essay on the geology of parts of Normandy, with
special
  reference to the Secondary strata, which he compared with those of England. From 1821-1829 he was professor of geology at the
Athenaeum
  at Paris, and he took a leading part with Ami Bone, G. P. Deshayes and Jules Desnoyers in the
founding
  of the Geological Society of France (183o). In 1831 he became assistant professor and after-wards honorary professor of geology to the faculty of sciences. Having studied the volcanoes of Italy and Auvergne, he opposed the views of von
Buch
  regarding craters of
elevation
 , maintaining that the cones were due to the material successively errnpted. Like Lyell he advocated a study of the causes or forces now in action in order to illustrate the past. One of his more important memoirs was De la Chronologie des terrains et du synchronisme des formations (1845). He died in Paris on the 17th of August 1856.
Memoir with portrait, by J. Gosselet, Ann. soc. geol. du nord, tome xxv. 1896.


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