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Encyclopedia Britannica



POROS

This article appears in Volume V22, Page 103 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: POL-PRE
POROS , or PoRO (" the Ford "), an
island
  off the
east
 
coast
  of the Morea, separated at its western extremity by only a narrow channel from the mainland at Troezen, and consisting of a
mass
  of limestone
rock
  and of a
mass
  of trachyte connected by a slight sandy
isthmus
 . The town looks down on the beautiful harbour between the
island
  and the mainland on the
south
 .
The ancient Calauria, with which Poros is identified, was given, according to the myth, by Apollo to Poseidon in exchange for Delos; and it became in historic times famous for a temple of the sea-god, which formed the centre of an amphictyony of seven maritime statesHermione, Epidaurus, Aegina, Athens, Prasiae, Na.uplia, and Orchomenus. Here
Demosthenes
  took sanctuary with " gracious Poseidon," and, when this threatened to fail him, sought death. The building was of Doric architecture and lay on a
ridge
  of the hill commanding a fine view of Athens and the Saronic Gulf, near the middle of the limestone part of the island. The site was excavated in 1894, and traces of a sacred agora with porticoes and other buildings, as well as the temple, have been found. In the neighbourhood of Poros-Calauria are two small islands, the more westerly of which contains the ruins of a small temple, and is probably the ancient Sphaeria or Hiera mentioned by Pausanias as the seat of a temple of
Athena
  Apaturia. The English, French, and Russian plenipotentiaries met at Poros in 1828 to discuss the basis of the Greek government.
See Chandler, Travels; Leake, Morea; Le Bas, Voyage archeologique; Curtius, Peloponnesos; Pouillon-Boblaye, Recherches; Bursian, Geographie von Griechenland; Rangabe ' Ein Ausflug nach Poros," in Deutsche Revue (1883); and S. Wide, in Mitteilungen d. deutsch. Inst. Athen. (1895), vol. xx.


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