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Encyclopedia Britannica



POGLIZZA (Serbo-Croatian, Poljica)

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 892 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL
POGLIZZA (Serbo-Croatian, Poljica) , a
tract
  of mountainous land in Dalmatia, Austria; formerly the seat of an independent republic. The territories of Poglizza lay chiefly within the
south
 -easterly curve made by the river Cetina before it enters the Adriatic at Almissa (Omisg). They also comprised the fastnesses of the Mossor range (4500 ft.) and the fertile strip of
coast
  from Almissa to Stobrez, ro m. W.N.W. The inhabitants lived in scattered villages, each ruled by its
count
 , and all together ruled by the supreme
count
 . These officers, with the three judges, were always of noble
birth
 , though elected by the whole
body
  of citizens. There were two orders of nobles; the higher, including about 20 families, claimed Hungarian descent; the lower, claiming ;kinship with the Bosnian aristocracy. Below these ranked the commoners and the serfs. At a very early date the warlike highlanders of Poglizza became the friends and allies of the Almissan corsairs, who were thus enabled to harass the seaborne trade of their neighbours without fear of a sudden attack by land. Almissa received a charter from Andrew II. of
Hungary
  in 1207, and remained under the nominal
protection
  of
Hungary
  until 1444, when both Almissa and Poglizza accepted the suzerainty of Venice, while retaining their internal freedom. The population of Poglizza numbered 6566 in x8o6. In the following year, however, the republic incurred the enmity of
Napoleon
  by rendering aid to the Russians and Montenegrins in Dalmatia; and it was invaded by French troops, who plundered its villages, massacred its inhabitants, and finally deprived it of independence.
See the Annuario Dalmatico for 1885 (published at
Zara
 ) ; and A. Fortis, Travels into Dalmatia (London, 1778).


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