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Encyclopedia Britannica



PLATERSPIEL, BLATERPFEIFE

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 805 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL
PLATERSPIEL, BLATERPFEIFE , a medieval simplified bagpipe, consisting of an insufflation tube, a bladder and a chaunter; the dcuble reed in its socket at the top of the chaunter being concealed within the bladder. In the platerspiel we recognize the early medieval chorus, a word which in medieval Latin was frequently used also for the bagpipe. In the earlier forms of platerspiels of which we possess illustrations, such as the well-known example of the 13th
century
  reproduced by Martin
Gerbert
  from a MS. at St Blasius, the bladder is unusually large, and the chaunter has, instead of a
bell
 , the grotesque head of an animal with gaping jaws. At first the chaunter was a straight conical tube terminating in a
bell
 , as in the bagpipe. The later
instruments
  have a pipe of larger calibre more or less curved and bent back as in the
cromorne
 . One of these appears in the 13th-
century
  Spanish MS., known as the
Cantigas de Santa Maria' in the Escurial, together with a platerspiel having two pipes, a chaunter and a drone side by side. Another is figured by Virdung (1511).
There was practically no technical difference between the bent platerspiel and the
cromorne
 , the only distinction being the form and size of the air-chamber in which the reed was set in vibration by the compressed air forced into it through the insufflation tube or the raised slit respectively of the two
instruments
 . The earlier form of platerspiel is found at the end of the 15th century, in the magnificent
Book
  of
Hours
 , known as the
Sforza
 
Book
 ' (Brit. Mus.). An interesting allusion to the platerspiel occurs in an old
English
  ballad.3 Eight shepherds were playing on various instruments: " the fyrst hed ane drone bagpipe, the next hed ane pipe maid of ane bleddir and of ane reid, the thrid playit on ane trump, &c.," from which it is evident that the platerspiel retained its individuality and did not become merged in the bagpipe. (K. S.)


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