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Encyclopedia Britannica



PIRON, ALEXIS (1689-1773)

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 642 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL
PIRON, ALEXIS (1689-1773) , French epigrammatist and dramatist, was born at Dijon on the 9th of July 1689. His father, !rime
Piron
 , was an apothecary, who wrote verse in the Burgundian patois. Alexis began life as clerk and secretary to a banker, and then studied law. In 1719, when nearly thirty years old, he went to seek his fortune at Paris. An accident brought him money and notoriety. The jealousy of the regular actors produced an edict restricting the Theatre de la Foire, or licensed booths at
fair
  times, to a single character on the stage. None of the
ordinary
  writers for this theatre would attempt a
monologue
 -drama for the purpose, and
Piron
  made a
great
  success with a piece called Arlequin Deucalion, representing Deucalion immediately after the Deluge, amusing himself with recreating in succession the different types of man. In 1728 he produced Les Fils ingrats (known later as L'Ecole des peres) at the Comedic Fran raise. He attempted tragedy in Callisthene (1730), Gustave Vasa (1733) and Fernand Cones (1744), but none of these succeeded, and Piron returned to comedy with La Metromanie (1738), in which the hero, Damis, suffers from the verse mania. His most intimate associates at this time were Mlle Quinault, the actress, and her friend Marie Therese Quenaudon, known as Mlle de Bar. This lady was slightly older than Piron and not beautiful, but after twenty years' acquaintance he married her in 1741. He died on the 21st of January 1773, in his eighty-fourth year. He was elected in 1753 to the
Academy
 , but his enemies raked up a certain Ode a Priape, dating from his early days, and induced Louis XV. to interpose his veto. Piron however was pensioned, and during the last half-century of his life was never in any want. His best title to remembrance lies in his epigrams. The
burlesque
  epitaph on himself, in which he ridicules the
Academy
 
" Ci-git Piron, qui ne fut rien,
Pas meme academicien "
is well-known, while many others are as brilliant. Grimm called him a " machine a saillies."
Piron published his own theatrical works in 1758, and after his death his friend and literary executor, Rigoley de Juvigny, published his U uvres completes. M. Bonhomme produced a
critical
  edition in 1859, completed by Poesies choisies et pieces inedites in 1879.


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