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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL |
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PIPRAWA , a village
' A surname given to Pippin III. on the strength of a legendary anecdote related by the monk of St Gall.territory. The village
In '896 interest
block
The vessels contained a dark dust, apparently disintegrated ashes, small pieces of bone, and a number of small pieces of jewelry in gold, silver, white and red cornelian, amethyst, topaz, garnet, coral and crystal. Most of these are perforated for mounting on threads or wires, and had been, no doubt, originally connected together to form one or more of the elaborate girdles, necklaces and breast ornaments then worn by the women.' On the bottom of the stone box there was similar dust, pieces of bone and jewelry, and also remains of what had been vessels of wood. The knob forming the handle of one of these wooden receptacles was still distinguishable. The total quantity of scraps of bone may have amounted to a wineglassful. An inscription ran round one of the steatite vases just below the lid.' The words mean: This shrine for ashes of the Buddha, the Exalted One, is the pious work of the Sakiyas, his brethren, associated with their sisters, and their children, and their wives. The thirteen words, in a local dialect of Pali, are written in very ancient characters, and are the oldest inscription as yet discovered in India. Twelve out of the thirteen are well-known words, the interpretation of which is not open to doubt. One word, rendered above by " pious work," has not been found else-where, and its derivation is open to discussion. The explanation here adopted as most probable was put forward by Professor Pischel of Berlin.' The phrase " pious work " probably had a precise technical connotation
The monument must have been of imposing appearance. The diameter (on the ground level) of the dome is '16 ft. For 8 ft. from the summit of the ruin it was not possible to trace the outline. At that point the outer wall
dome could be traced, and had a diameter of 68 ft. The dome, therefore, sloped inwards' ft. for every 3 ft. in height, in other words, it was, like all the most ancient of these artificial burial domes in India, a shallow dome, and cannot have been more than about 35 ft. high exclusive of the ornament or "tee" on the summit. We have in bas-reliefs of the 3rd century representations of what these ornaments were likesmall' An illustration
3 For figures of the jewelry found see the plate in Mr Pepp6's article, reproduced in Rhys Davids' Buddhist India, p. 89. For the jewelry of the time, ibid., pp. 9o, 91. ' See illustration
Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, tvi. '57. square erections, like a shrine or small temple, surmounted by a canopy called from its shape a T. They were then more than a third of the height of the dome itself. The total height of this Sakiya tope will therefore have been approximately a little under 50 ft. It was probably surrounded by a carved wooden railing, but this has long since disappeared. All such monuments hitherto discovered in India were put up in honour of some religious teacher, not in memory of royal persons, generous benefactors, politicans, or soldiers or private persons, however distinguished. And we need have no hesitation in accepting this as a monument put up over a portion of the ashes from the funeral pyre of Gotama the Buddha. The account of the death and cremation of the Buddha, preserved in the Buddhist canon, states that one-eighth portion of the ashes was presented to the Sakiya clan, and that they built a thupa, or memorial mound, over it.' Mr Peppe presented the coffer and vases with specimens of the jewelry to the museum at Calcutta where they still are. He also gave specimens of the trinkets to the Asiatic Society in London. Pepp6's original
inscriptions (1898), xxvi., 147, 233; Sylvain Levy. Journal des savants (19o5) PP 540 sqq.; and R. Pischel and RI ys Davids as quoted above.(T. W. R. D.) End of Article: PIPRAWA If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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