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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL |
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PINEROLO [PIGNEROLI, a city and episcopal see of Piedmont, Italy, in the province of Turin. Pop. (1901), 12,608 (town); 18,039 (commune). It is built on a hill-side just above the valleys of the Chisone and the Lemina, at a height of 1234 ft. above the sea, 24 M. by rail S.W. of Turin. The railway goes on to Torre Pellice; and steam tramways run from Pinerolo to Perosa, and to Cavour and Saluzzo. Till 1696 it was strongly fortified with a citadel on Santa Brigida, a castle on S. Maurizio, and city walls constructed by Thomas I. of Savoy. It has a cathedral (St Donatus), the palace of the princes of Acaia and other buildings of some interest
Cotton
Pinerolo was bestowed on the bishops of Turin by Otto III. in 996; but in 1078 the countess Adelaide made it over to the Benedictine
capital , a distinction which it retained under Amadeus VIII. of Savoy. Francis I. of France obtained possession of the town in his descent into Italy, but Emmanuel Philibert received it back from Henry III. in 1574. A second occupation by the French occurred under Cardinal Richelieu; the French language was imposed on the people, great fortifications were constructed, and the fortress (Pignerol) was used as a state prison for such men as Fouquet, De Caumont and the Man with the Iron Mask (see IRON MASK). Victor Amadeus bombarded the place in 1693, and ultimately compelled Louis XIV. to relinquish his hold on it; but before the withdrawal of the French troops the defences were demolished. In 1748 the town was made a bishop's see.PIN-EYED, a botanical term for flowers
PING-PONG, or TABLE-TENNIS, a miniature variety of lawn-tennis played on a table, which may be of any size not less than 51 ft. long by 3 ft. broad. Various attempts were made to adapt lawn-tennis to the house
paper or rubber, or of light frames covered with vellum or some other material. The table was at first marked out in courts, but is now plain. It should be unpolished and stained. In serving, a player must stand directly behind his end of the table and use an underhand motion only. The ball must clear the net and strike the table anywhere on the other side. The game is then continued until the ball misses the table or fails to pass over the net. Only one service is allowed, except in case of a let. The scoring is the same as in lawn-tennis.See Ping-Pong, by Arnold
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