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Encyclopedia Britannica



PINEL, PHILIPPE (17451826)

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 625 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL
PINEL, PHILIPPE (17451826) , French physician, was born at the chateau of Rascas, Saint-Andre, in the department of
Tarn
 , France, on the loth of
April
  1745. He studied at Lavaur and afterwards at the university of Toulouse, where he took his
doctor
 's degree in 1773. From Montpellier he removed in 1778 to Paris, engaging there chiefly in literary
work
  connected with his profession. His first publication was a French
translation
  of William
Cullen
 's
Nosology
  (1785); it was followed by an edition of the works of G. Baglivi (1788), and in 1791 he published a Traite medico-philosophique de l'alienation mentale. In 1792 he became head physician of the Bicetre, and two years after-wards he received the corresponding appointment at the Salpetriere, where he began to deliver a course of clinical lectures; these formed the basis of his Nosographie philosophique (1798; 6th ed., 1818), which was further developed in La Medecine clinique (1802). Pinel was made a member of the Institute in 1803, and soon afterwards was appointed professor of
pathology
  in the Ecole de Medecine. His fame rests entirely upon the fact that he was among the first to introduce the humane treatment of the insane. He died at Paris on the 26th of October 1826.


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