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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PIG-POL |
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PINDARICS , the name by which was known a class of loose and irregular odes greatly in fashion in England during the close of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. The invention is due to Abraham Cowley, who, probably in Paris" a place where he had no other books to direct him "and perhaps in 1650, found a text of Pindar
system
Pindar
Congreve , exactly half a century later, he very justly describing them as " bundles of rambling incoherent thoughts, expressed in a like parcel of irregular stanzas, which also consist of such another complication of disproportioned, uncertain and perplexed verses and rhymes." This is harsh, but it describes a pindaric with absolute justice. Cowley had not been aware that " there is nothing more regular than the Odes of Pindar," and that his poems were constructed in harmony with rigid prosodical laws
critical remarks were made by Congreve in his Discourse on the Pindarique Ode of 1706, and from that date forward the use of pindarics ceased to be so lax and frantic as it had been during the previous fifty years. The time had now passed in which such a critic as Sprat could praise " this loose and unconfined measure " as having " all the grace and harmony of the most confined." It began to be felt that the English pindaric was a blunder founded upon a misconception. If we examine Cowley's " Resurrection," which was considered in the 17th century to be a model of the style, and " truly pindarical," we find it to be a shapeless poem of 64 lines, arbitrarily divided, not into strophes, but into four stanzas of unequal volume and structure; the lines which form these stanzas are of lengths varying from three feet to seven feet, with rhymes repeated in wilful disorder, the whole forming a mere vague caricature of Pindar's brilliant odes. The very laxity of these pindarics attracted the poets of the unlyrical close of the 17th century, and they served the purpose not only of Dryden and Pope
birth
Shelley and Coleridge the broken versification of Cowley's pindarics occasionally survives. Tennyson's Ode on the Death of the Duke of Wellington (1852) is the latest important specimen of a pindaric in English literature. (E. G.)End of Article: PINDARICS If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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