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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG |
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PICKERING, EDWARD CHARLES (1846- ) , American physicist and astronomer, was born in Boston on the 19th of July 1846. He graduated in 1865 at the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard, where for the next two years he was a teacher of mathematics. Subsequently he became professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and in 1876 he was appointed professor of astronomy and director of the Harvard College observatory
devote one of the telescopes of the observatory
instrument of this kind, having objectives of 1.5 inch aperture, he measured the brightness of 4260 stars, including all stars down to the 6th magnitude between the North Pole and -30 declination. With the object of reaching fainter stars, Professor Pickering constructed another instrument of larger dimensions, and with this more than a million observations have been made. The first important work
Cambridge (U.S.A.), where the survey extended so as to include all stars of magnitude 7.5 down to -40 declination, after which it was once more sent back to Arequipa. In 1886 the widow of Henry
Draper
Cambridge for the northern hemisphere, and two at Arequipa in Peru for the southernto which a fine 24-in. photographic telescope was afterwards added, no fewer than 75,000 photographs had been obtained up to the beginning of 1901. These investigations have yielded many important discoveries, not only of new stars, and of large numbers of variable stars, but also of a wholly new class of double
majority of the stars in the Milky Way belong to one special
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