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Encyclopedia Britannica



PICCOLOMINI

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 580 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PICCOLOMINI , the name of an Italian noble family, which was prominent in Siena (q.v.) from the beginning of the 13th
century
  onwards. In 1220 Enghelberto d'Ugo Piccolomini received the fief of Montertari in Val d'Orcia from the emperor Frederick II. as a reward for services rendered. The family acquired houses and towers in Siena and castles in the republic's territory, including Montone and Castiglione; the latter they sold to the commune in 1321. They obtained
great
  wealth through
trade
 , and established counting-houses in Genoa, Venice, Aquileia, Trieste, and in various cities of France and Germany. Supporters of the
Guelph
  cause in the civil broils by which Siena was torn, they were driven from the city in the time of Manfred and their houses demolished; they returned in
triumph
  after the Angevin victories, were expelled once more during the brief
of Charles of Anjou. But through their riotous political activity the Piccolomini lost their commercial
influence
 , which passed into the hands of the Florentines, although they retained their palaces, castles and about twenty fiefs, some of which were in the territory of Amalfi and of
great
  extent. Many members of the
house
  were distinguished ecclesiastics, generals and statesmen in Siena and elsewhere; two of them were popes, viz. Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini (
Pius
  II., q.v.) and Francesco Piccolomini (
Pius
  III., q.v.).
See Richter, Die Piccolomini (Berlin, 1874) ; A. Lisini and A. Liberati, Albero della famiglia Piccolomini (Siena, 1899) ; and articles by A. Lisini in the Miscellanea storica senese, 3rd
series
  12, and 4th
series
 , 17 and 189.


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