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Encyclopedia Britannica



PHLOGOPITE

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 447 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PHLOGOPITE , a
mineral
  belonging to the group of micas (q.v.). It is a magnesium mica, differing from biotite in containing only a little iron; the chemical
formula
  is [H,K,(MgF)]3Mg3Al(SiOi)3. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, but the crystals are roughly developed. There is a perfect cleavage parallel to the basal plane; the cleavage flakes are not quite so elastic as those of muscovite. Sometimes it is quite colourless and transparent, but usually of a characteristic yellowish-brown colour, and often with a silvery lustre on the cleavage surfaces, hence the
trade
  name " silver amber mica " for some varieties. The name phlogopite is from Gr. 4 Xoynnros (fiery-looking), the
mineral
  being sometimes brownish-red and coppery in
appearance
 . The hardness is 22-3, and the specific gravity 2.78-2.85. The optic axial plane is parallel to the plane of symmetry and the axial
angle
  o-lo. Phlogopite occurs chiefly as scales and plates embedded in crystalline limestones of the Archean formation. The mica
mined
  in Canada and Ceylon is mainly phlogopite; and is largely used as an insulator for electrical purposes. In Canada it occurs with apatite in pyroxene rocks which are intrusive in Laurentian gneisses and crystalline limestones, the
principal
  mining
district
  being in Ottawa county in Quebec and near Burgess in
Lanark
  county, Ontario. In Ceylon, the mineral forms irregular veins, rarely exceeding one or two feet in width, traversing granulite, especially near the coptact of this
rock
  with crystalline
limestone. (L. J. S.)


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