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Encyclopedia Britannica



PHILOXENUS

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 445 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PHILOXENUS , of Cythera (435380 B.C.), Greek dithyrambic
poet. On the conquest of the island by the Athenians he was taken as a prisoner of war to Athens, where he came into the possession of the dithyrambic poet Melanippides, who educated him and set him free. Philoxenus afterwards resided in Sicily, at the court of
Dionysius
 , tyrant of Syracuse, whose bad verses he declined to praise, and was in consequence sent to
work
  in the quarries. After leaving Sicily he travelled in
Greece
 , Italy and Asia, reciting his poems, and died at Ephesus. According to Suidas, Philoxenus composed twenty-four dithyrambs and a lyric poem on the genealogy of the Aeacidae. In his hands the dithyramb seems to have been a sort of comic opera, and the music, composed by himself, of a debased character. His masterpiece was the Cyclops, a
pastoral
 
burlesque
  on the love of the Cyclops for the
fair
  Galatea, written to avenge himself upon
Dionysius
 , who was wholly or partially blind of. one eye. It was parodied by Aristophanes in the Plutus (29o). Another
work
  of Philoxenus (sometimes attributed to Philoxenus of Leucas, a notorious parasite and glutton) is the zeuirvov (Dinner), of which considerable fragments have been preserved by Athenaeus. This is an elaborate bill of fare in verse, probably intended as a satire on the luxury of the Sicilian court. The
great
  popularity of Philoxenus is attested by a complimentary resolution passed by the Athenian senate in 393. The comic poet Antiphanes spoke of him as a god among men; Alexander the
Great
  had his poems sent to him in Asia; the Alexandrian grammarians received him into the canon; and down to the time of
Polybius
  his works were regularly learned and annually acted by the Arcadian youth.
Fragments, with life, by G. Bippart (1843); T. Bergk, Poetae lyrici graeci.


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