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Encyclopedia Britannica



PHILLIPSITE

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 408 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PHILLIPSITE , a
mineral
  of the zeolite group; a hydrated potassium,
calcium
  and
aluminium
  silicate, approximating to (K2, Ca)AI2(SiOa)4.4H2O. It varies somewhat in composition, and a variety (" pseudophillipsite ") containing rather less
silica
  has the
formula
  (K.2, Ca)2Al4Si5018.9H20. Crystals are monoclinic, but only complex cruciform twins are known, these being exactly like twins of
harmotome
  (q.v.). Crystals of phillipsite are, however, usually smaller and more transparent and glassy than those of
harmotome
 . Spherical groups with a. radially fibrous structure and bristled with crystals on the surface are not uncommon. The hardness is 42, and the specific gravity 2.2. The species was established by A. Levy in 1825 and named after William Phillips. French authors use the name christianite (after Christian VIII. of Denmark), given by A. Des Cloizeaux in 1847.
Phillipsite is a
mineral
  of secondary origin, and occurs with other
zeolites
  in the amygdaloidal cavities of basic volcanic rocks: e.g. in the basalt of the Giant's Causeway in County Antrim, and near Melbourne in Victoria; and in lencitite near Rome. Small crystals of
recent
  formation have been observed in the masonry of the hot baths at Plombieres and Bourbonneles-Bains, in France. Minute spherical aggregates embedded in red clay were dredged by the " Challenger " from the bottom of the Central Pacific, where they had been formed by the decomposition of lava. (L. J. S.)


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