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Encyclopedia Britannica



PHILIPS, JOHN (1676-1708)

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 401 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PHILIPS, JOHN (1676-1708) , English poet and man of letters, son of Dr Stephen Philips, archdeacon of Shropshire, was born at his father's vicarage at Bampton, Oxfordshire, on the 3oth of December 1676. He was educated at Winchester and Christ
Church, Oxford. He was a careful reader of Virgil and of Milton. In 1701 his poem, The Splendid Shilling, was published without his consent, and a second unauthorized version in 1705 induced him to
print
  a correct edition in that year. The Splendid Shilling, which
Addison
  in The Taller called " the finest
burlesque
  poem in the British language," recites in Miltonic blank verse the miseries consequent on the want of that piece of money. Its success introduced Philips to the notice of Robert Harley and
Henry
  St John, who commissioned him to write a Tory counter-blast to Joseph
Addison
 's Campaign. Philips was happier in burlesquing his favourite author than in genuine imitation of a heroic theme. His Marlborough is modelled on the warriors of
Homer
  and Virgil; he rides precipitate over heaps of fallen horses, changing the fortune of the battle by his own right arm. Cyder (1708) is modelled on the Georgics of Virgil. Cerealia, an Imitation of Milton (1706), although printed without his name, may safely be ascribed to him. In all his poems except Blenheim he found an opportunity to insert a eulogy of tobacco. Philips died at
Hereford
  on the 15th of February 1708/9. There is an inscription to his memory in Westminster Abbey.
See The Whole Works of . . . John Philips . To which is prefixed his life, by Mr [G.j Sewell (3rd ed., 172o); Johnson, Lives of the Poets; and Biographia Britannica.


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