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Encyclopedia Britannica



PHILEMON

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 375 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PHILEMON and BAUCIS, the hero and heroine of a beautiful story told by
Ovid
  (Metam. viii. 610715), the
scene
  of which is laid in
Phrygia
 . Zeus, accompanied by
Hermes
 , visited earth in human form; tired and weary, they sought shelter for the night, but all shut their doors against them except an aged couple living in a humble cottage, who afforded them hospitality. Before their departure the gods revealed themselves, and bade their hosts follow them to the top of a
mountain
 , to escape the
punishment
  destined to fall on the rest of the inhabitants. The country was overwhelmed by a flood; the cottage, which alone remained
standing
 , was changed into a magnificent temple. The gods appointed Philemon and Baucis priest and priestess, and granted their
prayer
  that they might die together. After many years they were changed into treesPhilemon into an oak, Baucis into a lime. The story, vjihich emphasizes the sacred duty of hospitality, is probably of local Phrygian origin, put together from two widely circulated legends of the visits of gods to men, and of the preservation of certain individuals from the flood as the reward of piety. It lingers in the account (Acts xiv.) of the healing of the lame man by
Paul
  at Lystra, the inhabitants of which identified
Paul
  and Barnabas with Zeus and
Hermes
 , " come down in the likeness of men."
Similar stories are given in J. Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie (Eng. trans., 1883, ii. 58o, and iii. 38).


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