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Encyclopedia Britannica



PETER II

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 292 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PER-PIG
PETER II ., king of Aragon (1174-1213), son of
Alphonso
  II. and his wife Sancia, daughter of
Alphonso
  VIII. of Castile, was born in 1174. He had a very marked and curious personal character. As sovereign of lands on both sides of the Pyrenees, he was affected by very different influences. In his character of Spanish prince he was a crusader, and he took a distinguished
part
  in the
great
  victory over the Almohades at the Navas de Tolosa in 1212. But his lands to the north of the Pyrenees brought him into close relations with the Albigenses. He was a favourer of the troubadours, and in his ways of
life
  he indulged in the laxity of Provencal morals to the fullest extent. We are told in the chronicle written by Desclot soon after his time,
that Peter was only trapped into cohabiting with his wife by the device which is
familiar
  to readers of Measure for Measure. In the year after the battle of the Navas de Tolosa he took up arms against the crusaders of Simon of
Montfort
 , moved not by sympathy with the Albigenses, but by the natural political hostility of the southern princes to the conquering intervention of the north under pretence of religious zeal. His son records the way in which he spent the night before the battle of Muret with a crudity of language which defies
translation
 , and tells us that his father was too exhausted in the morning to stand at
Mass
 , and had to be lifted into the saddle by his squires. Peter none the less showed the greatest personal valour, and his
body
 , recognizable by his lofty stature and personal beauty, was found on the field after the rout (Sept. 12, 1213).
See Chronicle of James I. of Aragon, translated by J. Forster (London, 1883) ; and
Life
  and Times of James the First the Conqueror, by F. Darwin Swift (
Oxford
 , 1894).


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