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Encyclopedia Britannica



PENTAMETER

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 122 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PAS-PER
PENTAMETER , the name given to the second and shorter
line
  of the classical elegaic
verse
 . It is composed of five (mine) feet or
measures
  (,Erpa), and is divided into two equal parts of two and a half feet each: the second of these parts must be dactylic, and the first may be either dactylic or spondaic. The first
part
  must never overlap into the second, but there must be a break between them. Thus:
- V V I-V V I I IV V I-U VI
In the best Latin poets, the first foot of each
part
  of the pentameter is a
dactyl
 . The pentameter scarcely exists except in conjunction with the
hexameter
 , to which it always succeeds in elegaic
verse
 . The invention of the rigidly dactylic form was attributed by the Greeks to Archilochus.
Schiller
  described the
sound
  and method of the elegaic couplet in two very skilful verses, which have been copied in many
languages
 :
Im
Hexameter
  steigt des Springquells flussige Saule,
Im Pentameter drauf fallt sie melodisch herab.
The pentameter was always considered to add a melancholy air to verse, and it was especially beloved by the Greeks in those recitations (/lasPybeIrai) to the
sound
  of the
flute
 , which formed the earliest melodic performances at Delphi and else-where.


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