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Encyclopedia Britannica



PENALTY (Lat. poena, punishment)

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 84 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PAS-PER
PENALTY (Lat. poena, punishment) , in its
original
  meaning, a
punishment
  inflicted for some violation of the law or
rule
  of conduct. Although still freely used in its
original
  sense in such phrases, for example, as " the death penalty," " the penalty of rashness," &c., the more usual meaning attached to the word is that of a pecuniary mulct. Penalty is used specifically for a sum of money recovered by virtue of a penal
statute
 , or recoverable in a
court
  of summary
jurisdiction
  for infringement of a
statute
 . A sum of money agreed upon to be paid in case of non-performance of a
condition
  in a bond or in breach of a
contract
  or any stipulation of it is also termed a penalty (see DAM AGES).


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