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Encyclopedia Britannica



PEAK, THE

This article appears in Volume V21, Page 22 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PAS-PER
PEAK, THE , a high table-land in the north of
Derbyshire
 , England, included in the Pennine range of hills. The name, however, is extended, without definite limits, to cover the whole of the hilly
district
  north of Buxton. The table-land reaches an
elevation
  of 2088 ft. in Kinder Scout. The
geological
  formation is millstone-grit, and the underlying beds are not domed, but cup-shaped, dipping inward from the flanks of the mass. The summit is a peaty moorland, through which masses of
rock
  project at intervals. The name of this high
plateau
  has from the 17th century been identified with "
peak
 ," the pointed or conical top of a mountain, but the very early references to the
district
  and certain places in it show clearly, as the New English Dictionary points out, that this connexion is unwarranted. The name appears in the Old English Chronicle (924) as Peaclond, of the district governed from the castle of Peveril of the
Peak
  (see
DERBYSHIRE
 ), and also in the name of the cavern under the hill at
Castleton
 , Peac's Arse. Peac, it has been suggested, is the name of a local deity or demon, and possibly may be indentified with Puck. For the etymology of " peak," point, &c., and its variants or related words, " pick " and " pike," see PIKE.


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