PASSAGLIA, CARLO (1812-1887)

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 886 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: PAI-PAS

PASSAGLIA, CARLO (1812-1887) , Italian divine, was born at Lucca on the 2nd of May 1812. Passaglia was soon destined for the priesthood, and was placed under the care of the Jesuits at the age of fifteen. He became successively

doctor

DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

in mathematics, philosophy and theology in the university of Rome. In 1844 he was made professor in the Collegio Romano, the well-known Jesuit college in Rome. In 1845 he took the vows as a member of the Jesuit order. In 1848, during the expulsion of the Jesuits from Rome which followed on the revolutionary troubles in the Italian peninsula, he paid a brief visit to England. On his return to Italy he founded, with the assistance of Father Cure; and Luigi Taparelli d'Azeglio, the celebrated organ of the Jesuit order entitled the Civiltd Cattolica. In 1854 came the decision of the Roman Church on the long-debated question of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin. Into the agitation for the promulgation of this dogma Passaglia threw himself with

great

GREAT

eagerness, and by so doing recommended himself strongly to Pope Pius IX. But his favour with the pope was of short duration. In 1859, when the war between Austria and France (the first step towards the unification of Italy) broke out, Passaglia espoused the popular side. He took

refuge

REFUGE

at Turin, and under the influence of Cavour he wrote an Epistola ad
Episcopos Catholicos pro causa Italica, in which, like Liverani before him, he boldly attacked the temporal power of the pope. For this he was expelled from the order of Jesuits, his book was put on the Index, and his figure struck out, by the pope's order, from a picture painted to commemorate the proclamation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception. A

refuge

REFUGE

from the anger of the pope was afforded him in the Casa Cavour at Turin, the

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

in which Cavour was born. There he laboured for Italian unity with indomitable energy in the north of Italy, in conjunction with Cardinal d'

Andrea

ANDREA, GIOVANNI (1275-1348)

in the south, and he collected the signatures of 9000 priests to an address to the pope in opposition to the temporal power, and in favour of abandoning all resistance to the union of Italy under a king of the

House

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of Savoy. He and the 9000 priests were excommunicated on the 6th of October 1862. Passagilia disregarded his

excommunication

EXCOMMUNICATION (Lat. ex, out of, away from; communis, common)

, and continued his

work

WORK

as professor of moral philosophy at Turin, to which he had been appointed in 1861, and began a

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

of Advent addresses in the church of San Carlo at

Milan

MILAN
MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

. But on arriving in order to preach his second sermon he found himself met by an inhibition on the part of Mgr Caccia, the administrator , of the archdiocese of

Milan

MILAN
MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

. Elected deputy in the Italian parliament, he still advocated strongly the cause of Italian independence, and at a later period wrote a defence of the rights of the episcopate under the title of La Causa di sua eminenza it cardinals d'

Andrea

ANDREA, GIOVANNI (1275-1348)

. He also (1864) wrote against Renan's Vie de Jesus. Eight days before his death he endeavoured to be reconciled to the pope, and made a full retractation. He died at Turin on the 12th of March 1887.

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