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Encyclopedia Britannica



OYER AND TERMINER

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 424 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI
OYER AND TERMINER , the Anglo-French name, meaning " to hear and determine," for one of the commissions by which a judge of
assize
  sits (see
AssizE
 ). By the commission of oyer and terminer the commissioners (in practice the judges of assize, though other persons are named with them in the commission) are commanded to make diligent inquiry into all treasons, felonies and misdemeanours whatever committed in the counties specified in the commission, and to hear and determine the same according to law. The inquiry is by means of the grand jury; after the grand jury has found the bills submitted to it, the commissioners proceed " to hear and determine " by means of the petty jury. The words oyer and terminer are also used to denote the court which has jurisdiction to try offences within the limits to which the commission of oyer and terminer extends.
By the Treason Act 1708 the crown has power to issue commissions of oyer and terminer in
Scotland
  for the trial of treason and misprision of treason. Three of the lords of
justiciary
  must be in any such commission. An indictment for either of the offences mentioned may be removed by certiorari from the court of oyer and terminer into the court of
justiciary
 .
In the United States oyer and terminer is the name given to courts of criminal jurisdiction in some states, e.g. New
York
 , New
Jersey
 ,
Pennsylvania
 , and Georgia.


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