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Encyclopedia Britannica



OTRANTO

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 367 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI
OTRANTO , a seaport and archiepiscopal see of Apulia, Italy, in the province of Lecce, from which it iS''29z M. S.E. by rail, 49 ft. above sea-level. Pop. (1901) 2295. It is beautifully situated on the
east
 
coast
  of the peninsula of the ancient Calabria (q.v.). The castle was erected by
Alphonso
  of Aragon; the
cathedral
 , consecrated in 1o88, has a rose window and side portal of 1481. The interior, a basilica with
nave
  and two aisles, contains columns said to come from a temple of Minerva and a fine mosaic pavement of 1166, with interesting representations of the months, Old Testament subjects, &c. It has a crypt supported by
forty
 -two marble columns. The church of S. Pietro has Byzantine frescoes. Two submarine cables start from Otranto, one for Valona, the other for
Corfu
 . The harbour is small and has little trade.
Otranto occupies the site of the ancient Hydrus or Hydruntum, a town of Greek origin. In Roman times it was less important than Brundusium as a point of embarkation for the
East
 , though the distance to
Apollonia
  was less than from Brundusium. It remained in the hands of the Byzantine emperors until it was taken by Robert Guiscard in 1o68. In 148o it was utterly destroyed by the Turkish
fleet
 , and .has never since recovered its importance. About 30 M. S.E. lies the promontory of S. Maria di Leuca (so called since ancient times from its white cliffs), the S.E. extremity of Italy, the ancient Promontorium lapygium or Sallentinum. The
district
  between this promontory and Otranto is thickly populated, and very fertile. (T. As.)


End of Article: OTRANTO


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