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Encyclopedia Britannica



ORIZABA (Indian name Ahuaializ-apan, pleasant waters)

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 278 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI
ORIZABA (Indian name Ahuaializ-apan, pleasant waters) , a city of
Mexico
  in the state of Vera Cruz, 82 m. by rail W.S.W. of the port of Vera Cruz. Pop. (Igo()) 32,894, including a large percentage of Indians and half-breeds. The Mexican railwayaffords frequent communication with the City of
Mexico
  and Vera Cruz, and a short line (42 m.) connects with Ingenio, an industrial
village
 . Orizaba stands in a fertile, well-watered, and richly wooded valley of the Sierra Madre Oriental, 4025 ft. above sea-level, and about 18 m. S. of the snow-crowned volcano that bears its name. It has a mild, humid and healthful climate. The public edifices include the parish church of San Miguel, a chamber of commerce, a handsome theatre, and some hospitals. The city is the centre of a rich agricultural region which produces sugar, rum, tobacco and Indian corn. In colonial times, when tobacco was one of the crown monopolies, Orizaba was one of the districts officially licensed to produce it. It is also a manufacturing centre of importance, having good water power from the Rio Blanco and producing
cotton
  and woollen fabrics. Its
cotton
  factories are among the largest in the republic.
Paper
  is also made at Cocolapan in the canton of Orizaba. The forests in this vicinity are noted for orchids and ferns. An Indian town called Ahuaializapan, subject to Aztec
rule
 , stood here when
Cortes
  arrived on the
coast
 . The Spanish town that succeeded it did not receive its charter until 1774, though it was one of the stopping-places between Vera Cruz and the
capital
 . In 1862 it was the headquarters of the French.


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