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Encyclopedia Britannica



ORIHUELA

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 275 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI
ORIHUELA , a town and episcopal see of eastern Spain, in the province of Alicante; 13 M. N.E. of Murcia and about 15 M. from the Mediterranean Sea, on the Murcia-Elche railway. Pop. (1900) 28,530. Orihuela is situated in a beautiful and exceedingly fertile huerta, or
tract
  of highly cultivated land, at the foot of a limestone
bridge
 , and on both sides of the river Segura, which divides the city into two parts, Roig and San Augusto, and is spanned by two bridges. There are remains of a Moorish fort on the hill commanding the town; and the north gatewaythe Puerta del Colegiois a fine lofty arch, surmounted by an emblematic statue and the city arms. The most prominent buildings are the episcopal palace (1733), with a frontage of 600 ft.; the town
house
  (1843), containing important archives; and the
cathedral
 , a small
Gothic
  structure built on the site of a former mosque in the 14th century, and enlarged and tastelessly restored in 1829. The university of Orihuela, founded in 1568 by the archbishop of Valencia, was closed in 1835, part of the revenue being applied to the support of a college affiliated to the university of Valencia. Besides numerous primary schools there are a theological
seminary
  and a normal school. The
trade
  in fruit, cereals, oil and wine is considerable. There are also tanneries, dye-works and manufactures of silk, linen and woollen fabrics, leather and
starch
 .
Orihuela was captured by the Moors in 713, and retaken by James I. of Aragon, for his father-in-law
Alphonso
  of Castile, in 1265. It was sacked during the disturbances at the beginning of the reign of Charles V. (1520), and again in the War of Succession (1706). Local annals specially mention the plague of 1648, the flood of 1651 and the
earthquake
  of 1829.


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