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Encyclopedia Britannica



ORGANON (Gr. 6pyavov, instrument, from Epyov, work)

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 269 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI
ORGANON (Gr. 6pyavov, instrument, from Epyov, work) , the name given to
Aristotle
 's logical
treatises
 . They are so called because logic is itself neither a speculative science nor a
practical
  art in the
ordinary
  sense, but an aid or
instrument
  to all scientific thought. Francis
Bacon
 , regarding the Aristotelian logic as he understood it as of no avail, gave to his own treatise the name Novum Organum in the belief that he had discovered a new inductive logic which would lead necessarily to the acquisition of new scientific knowledge. Compare also
Whewell
 's Novum Organism Renovatum and Lambert's Neues
Organon
 . In medieval music the
term
  was applied in a similar sense to early attempts at improvised counterpoint i.e. a
part
  sung as an accompaniment above or below the melody or plain-song; it consisted of 8ths and 5ths (or 4ths) added to the plainsong.


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