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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI |
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ORGANISTRUM , the medieval Latin name for the earliest known form of the hurdy-gurdy (q.v.). The organistrum was large enough to rest on the knees of two performers sitting side by side, one of whom turned the crank setting the wheel in motion, while the other, the artist, manipulated the keys. The word organistrum is derived from organum and instrument um; the former term was applied to the primitive harmonies, consisting of octaves accompanied by fourths or fifths, first practised by Hucbald in the loth century. This explanation enables us to fix with tolerable certainty the date of the invention of the organistrum, at the end of the loth or beginning of the 11th century, and also to understand the construction of the instrument . A stringed instrument of the periodsuch as a guitar-fiddle
rotta or oval
body
as organum. The organistrum appears on a bas-relief from the abbey of St Georges de Boscherville (11th cent.), now preserved in the museum of Rouen, where it is played by a royal lady, her maid turning the crank. It has the place of honour in the centre of the band of musicians representing the twenty-four elders of the Apocalypse in the tympanum of the Gate of Glory
6 See also for other organs with sliders being drawn
6 Praetorius mentions the Halberstadt and Erfurt
7 See A. J. Hipkins, History of the Pianoforte (London, 1896). Brit. Mus. Colton MSS. Tiberius A vii. foL 1o4b. 14th century. Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 26602, fol. 6. 14th century. End of Article: ORGANISTRUM If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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