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Encyclopedia Britannica



ORCIN

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 173 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ORC-PAI
ORCIN , a dioxytoluene, C6H3(CH3)(OH)2 (i : 3 : 5), found in many lichens, e.g. Rocella tinctoria, Lecanora, and formed by fusing extract of aloes with potash. It may be synthesized from toluene; more interesting is its production when
acetone
  dicarboxylic ester is condensed with the aid of sodium. It crystallizes in colourless prisms with one molecule of water, which redden on exposure. Ferric chloride gives a bluish-violet coloration with the aqueous solution. Unlike resorcin it does not give a
fluorescein
  with phthalic anhydride. Oxidation of the ammoniacal solution gives orcein, C23H24N2O7, the
chief
  constituent of the natural dye archil (q.v.). Homo-pyrocatechinis an isomer (CH3: OH: OH= r : 3 : 4), found as its methyl ether (creosol) in beech-
wood
  tar.


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