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Encyclopedia Britannica



OPPENHEIM

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 140 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC
OPPENHEIM , a town of Germany, in the grand duchy of Hesse, picturesquely situated on the slope of vine-clad hills, on the left bank of the Rhine, 20 M. S. of Mainz, on the railway to Worms. Pop. (1905) 3696. The only relic of its former importance is the Evangelical
church
  of St Catherine, one of the most beautiful
Gothic
  edifices of the 13th and 14th centuries in Germany, and recently restored at the public expense. The town has a Roman Catholic
church
 , several schools and a memorial of the War of 1870-71. Its
industries
  and commerce are principally concerned with the manufacture and export of wine. Above the town are the ruins of the fortress of Landskron, built in the 11th
century
  and destroyed in 1689.
Oppenheim, which occupies the site of the Roman Bauconica, was formerly much larger than at present. In 1226 it appears as a free town of the
Empire
  and later as one of the most important members of the Rhenish League. It lost its independence in 1375, when it was given in pledge to the elector
palatine
  of the Rhine. During the Thirty Years' War it was alternately occupied by the Swedes and the Imperialists, and in 1689 it was entirely destroyed by the French.
See W.
Franck
 , Geschichte der ehemaligen Reichsstadt Oppenheim (
Darmstadt
 , 1859).


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