OMSK

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 104 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC

OMSK , a town of Russia,

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

of the province of Akmolinsk,

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

of western

Siberia

SIBERIA

from 1839 to 1882, and now capital of the general-governorship of the

Steppes

STEPPES

. Pop. (1881) 31,000, (1900) 53,050. It is the seat of administration of the Siberian Cossacks, and the see of the

bishop

of Omsk. Situated on the right bank of the Irtysh, at its confluence with the Om, at an altitude of 285 ft., and on the Siberian railway, 1862 m. via Chelyabinsk from Moscow, and 586 m. W.S.W. of Tomsk, it is the

meeting

MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

-place of the highways to middle Russia, Orenburg and Turkestan. Steamers ply down the Irtysh and the Ob, and up the former to the Altai towns and Lake Zaisan. The climate is dry and relatively temperate, but marked by violent snow-storms and sand-storms. The

average

AVERAGE

temperatures are, for the year, 31 F.; for January, 5; for July, 68; the annual rainfall is 12.4 in. The town is poorly built. Apart from the railway workshops, its

industries

INDUSTRIES

are unimportant (steam saw-mill, tanneries); but the

trade

, especially since the construction of the railway, is growing. There are two yearly fairs. Omsk has a society for education, which organizes schools, kindergartens, libraries and lectures for the people. There are a corps of cadets, medical, dramatic and musical

societies

SOCIETIES, LEARNED

, and the west Siberian section of the Russian Geographical Society, with a museum.
The " fort " of Omsk was erected in 1716 to protect the

block

-houses on the Russian frontier, along the Ishim and the Irtysh. In consequence of the frequent incursions of the Kirghiz about the end of the 18th century, stronger earthworks were erected on the right bank of the Om; but these have now almost entirely disappeared.

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