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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC |
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OLEG (?-912) , prince of Kiev, succeeded Rurik, as being the eldest member of the ducal family, in the principality of Great
Novgorod , the first Russian metropolis. Three years later he moved southwards and, after taking Smolensk and other places, fixed his residence at Kiev, which he made his capital . He then proceeded to build a fortress there and gradually compelled the surrounding tribes to pay him tribute , extending his conquests in all directions (883-903) at the expense of the Khazars, who hitherto had held all southern Russia
tribute . In 907,with a host made up of all the subject tribes, Slavonic and Finnic, he sailed against the Greeks in a fleet
Constantinople , Oleg disembarked his forces, mercilessly ravaged the suburbs of the imperial city, and compelled the emperor to pay tribute, provide the Russians with provisions for the return journey, and take fifty of them over the city. A formal treaty was then concluded, which the Slavonians swore to observe in the names of their gods Perun and Volos. Oleg returned to 1.:iev laden with golden ornaments, costly cloths, wines, and all manner of precious things. In 911 he sent an embassy of fourteen persons to Constantinople to get the former treaty confirmed and enlarged. The naiaes of these ambassadors are preserved and they point to the Scandinavian origin of Oleg's host; there is not a Slavonic name among them. A new and elaborate treaty, the terms of which have come down to us, was now concluded between the Russians and Greeks, a treaty which evidently sought to bind the two nations closely together and obviate all possible differences which might arise between them in the future. There was also to be free trade
capital and being instructed in the rudiments of the Greek faith. In the autumn of the same year Oleg died and was buried at Kiev.See S. M. Solovev, History of Russia
Petersburg
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