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Encyclopedia Britannica

OHIO COMPANY

This article appears in Volume V20, Page 31 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC

OHIO COMPANY , a name of two 18th century companies. organized for the colonization of the

Ohio

OHIO

Valley. The first

Ohio

OHIO

Company was organized in 1749, partly to aid in securing for the English

control

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

of the valley, then in dispute between England and France, and partly as a commercial project for tirade with the Indians. The company was composed of Virginians, including

Thomas

Lee (d. 1750) and the two brothers of George Washington, Lawrence (who succeeded to the management upon the death of Lee) and Augustine; and of Englishmen, including John Hanbury, a wealthy London merchant. George II. sanctioned a grant to the company of 500,000 acres generally N.W. of the Ohio, and to the eastward, between the Monongahela and the Kanawha rivers, but the grant was never actually issued. In 1750-1751 Christopher Gist, a skilful woodsman and surveyor, explored for the company the Ohio Valley as far as the mouth of the Scioto river. In 1752 the company had a pathway blazed between the small fortified posts at Will's Creek (Cumberland),

Maryland

MARYLAND

, and at Redstone Creek (Brownsville),

Pennsylvania

PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA, UNIVERSITY OF

, which it had established in 1750; but it was finally merged in the Walpole Company (an organization in which Benjamin Franklin was interested), which in 1772 had received from the British government a grant of a large tract lying along the southern bank of the Ohio as far west as the mouth of the Scioto river. The War of Independence interrupted colonization and nothing was accomplished.
The second company, the Ohio Company of Associates, was formed at Boston on the 3rd of March 1786., The leaders in the

movement

MOVEMENT

were General Rufus

Putnam

, Benjamin Tupper (1738-1792), Samuel Holden

Parsons

(1737-1789) and Manasseh Cutler. Dr Cutler was selected tonegotiate with Congress, and seems to have helped to secure the incorporation in the Ordinance for the government of the North-West Territory of the paragraphs which prohibited slavery and provided for public education and for the support of the ministry. Cutler's

original

ORIGINAL

intention was to buy for the Ohio Company only about 1,500,000 acres, but on the 27th of July Congress authorized a grant of about 5,000,000 acres of land for $3,500,000; a reduction of one-third was allowed for bad tracts, and it was also provided that the lands could be paid for in United States securities. On the 27th of October 1787 Cutler and Major Winthrop Sargent (1753-1820);.who had joined him in the negotiations, signed two con-tracts; one was for the absolute purchase for the Ohio Company, at 663 cents an acre, of 1,500,000. acres of land lying along the north bank of the Ohio river, from a point near the site of the

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JCSM is a 501(c)(3), non-profit organization. Copyright © 1997-present.