OBJECTIVISM

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 949 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC

OBJECTIVISM , in philosophy, a

term

TERM

used, in contradistinction to SUBJECTIVISM, for any theory of knowledge which to a greater or less extent attributes reality (as the source and necessary pre-requisite of knowledge) to the external world. The distinction is based upon the philosophical

antithesis

ANTITHESIS (the
Greek
- GREEK
- GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND
for " setting opposite ")

of the terms

Object

OBJECT

and Subject, and their respective adjectival forms " objective " and " subjective." In common use these terms are opposed as synonymous respectively with " real " and " imaginary," "

practical

PRACTICAL

" and " theoretical," "

physical

PHYSICAL

" and " psychic." A man "

sees

SEES

" an apparition; was there any

physical

PHYSICAL

manifestation, or was it merely a creation of his mind ? If the latter the phenomenon is described as purely subjective. Subjectivism in its extreme form denies that mind can know more than its own states. Objects, i.e. things-in-themselves, may or may not exist: the mind knows only its own sensations, perceptions, ideal constructions and so forth. In a modified form " subjectivism " is that theory which attaches

special

SPECIAL

importance to the

part

PART

played by the mind in the

accumulation

ACCUMULATION (from Lat. accumulare, to heap up)

of experience. See PSYCHOLOGY; RELATIVITY OF KNOWLEDGE.

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