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Encyclopedia Britannica



OBERON (Fr. Alberon, Auberon, Ger. Alberich, i.e. rich, Goth. reiks, " ruler "cf. Lat. rexand O.H. and M.H. Ger. pl. elbi, elbe, " elves," pl. alp)

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 947 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC
OBERON (Fr. Alberon, Auberon, Ger. Alberich, i.e. rich, Goth. reiks, " ruler "cf. Lat. rexand O.H. and M.H. Ger. pl. elbi, elbe, " elves," pl. alp) , king of the elves. In the legendary history 2 of the Merovingian dynasty he figures as a magician, apd is the brother of Merowech (Merovee). He wins for his eldest son Walbert the hand of a princess of
Constantinople
 . In the Nibelungenlied he guarded the treasure of the Nibelungen, but was overcome by Sigfrid. In the German medieval poem of
Ortnit
 , the hero is aided in his wooing by his father Alberich, the king of the dwarfs. As Oberon, king of the fairies, he fills a similar role in Huon of Bordeaux (q.v.). The fairy
element
  in the romance provided Shakespeare with the fairy scenes of the Midsummer Night's Dream, and Wieland with the subject of his epic Oberon (1780). Ben Jenson wrote a masque of Oberon, or the Fairy Prince (Works, 1616). Weber's opera, Oberon, to the words of J. R. Planche, was first produced at Covent
Garden
  on the 12th of April 1826. In the Wagner dramas Alberich is the Nibelung who steals the magic gold from the Rhine maidens. He is there the father of
Hagen
 , and has throughout the Ring a darker character than that assigned to him in the
original
  legend. There have been attempts to find the
original
  Oberon in the Celtic Gwyn Aron, but there is no doubt of his Germanic origin, although his history, as given by the poet of Huon of Bordeaux, contains elements derived from Celtic traditionthe magic cup which remains full for the virtuous, and his parentage (he is the son of
Morgan
  la fay and
Julius
  Caesar). With Oberon in the character of guardian of the treasure should be compared Andvari, the dwarf of Scandinavian legend, who, in the shape of a pike, was seized by Loki and made to give up his treasure and the magic ring by which he could create more gold. This ring, the Andvaranautr, with the curse of Andvari upon it, caused the misfortunes of the Volsungs and the Burgundian Nibelungs, and is known in German romance as the Ring of the Nibelungen.
See also C. Voretzsch, Epische Studien. Die Kompositionen des Huon von Bordeaux (
Halle
 , 1900) ; J. Seemuller, " Die Zwergensage von
Ortnit
 ," in Zeitschr. fur dent. Altert. vol. xvi. (1882).


End of Article: OBERON (Fr. Alberon, Auberon, Ger. Alberich, i.e. rich, Goth. reiks, " ruler "cf. Lat. rexand O.H. and M.H. Ger. pl. elbi, elbe, " elves," pl. alp)


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