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Encyclopedia Britannica



OBERLIN, JEAN FREDERIC (1740-1826)

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 947 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NUM-ORC
OBERLIN, JEAN FREDERIC (1740-1826) , German
Protestant
  pastor and philanthropist, the son of a teacher, was born on the 3Ist of August 1740 at Strassburg, where he studied theology. In 1766 he became
Protestant
  pastor of Waldbach, a remote and barren region in the
Steinthal
  (Ban-de-la-Roche), a valley in the Vosges on the borders of
Alsace
  and Lorraine. He set himself to better the material equally with the spiritual condition of the inhabitants. He began by constructing roads through the valley and erecting bridges, inciting the peasantry to the enterprise by his personal example. He introduced an improved system of agriculture. Substantial cottages were erected, and various industrial arts were introduced. He founded an itinerant library, originated infant schools, and established an
ordinary
  school at each of the five villages in the parish. In the
work
  of education he received
great
  assistance from his housekeeper, Louisa Scheppler (17631837). He died on the 1st of June 1826, and was interred with
great
  manifestations of honour and affection at the
village
  of Urbach.
Among the many accounts of the labours of Oberlin, mention may be made of Thomas Sims, Brief Memorials of Oberlin (London, 183o) ; Memoirs of Oberlin, with a short notice of Louisa Scheppler (London, 1838, 2nd ed. 1852) ; H.
Ware
 , Biography of Oberlin (Boston, 1845) ; L. Spach, Oberlin le Pasteur (Strassburg, 18y5 2nd ed. 1868) ; F. W. Bodemann, J. F. Oberlin (3rd ed., 1879) ; K. F. Riff, Drei Bilder aus dem Leben von Papa Oberlin (Strassburg, 1880) ; Josephine Butler, Life of J. F. Oberlin (1882); G. H. von Schubert, Ziige aus dem Leben Oberlins (11th ed., 189o) ; Armin Stein, Johann Friedrich Oberlin, ein Lebensbild (1899). See also the article in
Herzog
  Hauck, Realencyklopadie. The collected writings of Oberlin were published by Burkhardt at
Stuttgart
  in 1843 in 4 vols.


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