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Encyclopedia Britannica



NOCTURN, or NOCTURNE (Lat. nocturnus, of or belonging to the night, nox)

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 731 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NEW-NUM
NOCTURN, or NOCTURNE (Lat. nocturnus, of or belonging to the night, nox) , in the Roman
Church
 , one of the three divisions of the office of matins, corresponding with the vigils, beginning at 9 P.M. midnight and 3 A.M. respectively. The service consists of
psalms
 , lessons and antiphons (see BREVIARY). The
term
  " nocturne " is applied to a musical composition, answering to the earlier " serenade, " of a quiet, dreamy and romantic character. The name and style are said to have originated with John Field (1782-1837). The best-known compositions of this kind are the pianoforte pieces of
Chopin
 . J. McNeill
Whistler
  also introduced the
term
  into
painting
  by using the name for some of his night-pieces. A " nocturnal " is an
instrument
  for finding the hour of the night by observation of the relative positions of the
pole
 -
star
  and other stars, generally the pointers of Ursa Major. The British Museum contains a fine nocturnal made about 156o by Humfray Cole (see NAVIGATION).


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