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than in the " Tsukuba " type. The armament is also more powerful, twelve 6-in. guns being replaced by eight 8-in. guns mounted in pairs in barbettes, while the 4.7-in, guns are increased to fourteen in number. The " Ibuki " is fitted with turbines of 27,000' H.P., the " Kurama " with reciprocating engines of 22,500 I.H.P. The disposition of guns and armour are as shown in fig. 106. In 1910 Japan ordered of Vickers Co. an armoured cruiser of 27,000 tons and 72,000 H.P.
Russia .Before the Russo-Japanese War, Russia had provided herself with a great variety of fast, well-armed cruisers of various sizes, including some very notable vessels. Of. those which remained in 1910 may be mentioned the protected cruiser " Zhemchug," of 3100 tons, 17,000 I.H.P., 24 knots, carrying eight 4.7-in. guns; the " Askold," built at Kiel in 1900, 65o0 tons displacement, 20,000 I.H.P. and 23 knots speed , armed with twelve 6-in., twelve 12-pdr. and other smaller
guns; the " Diana " and " Aurora ," of 663o tons and 20 knots; the " Bogatyr " and similar vessels launched 1901-1903, of 6675 tons displacement, 20,000 I.H.P., 24 knots speed , armed with twelve 6-in., twelve 12-pdr. and several smaller guns, and having a protective deck 11 to 2 in. in thickness. The armoured cruisers, " Rossia," of 12,200 tons and 20 knots, and " Gromoboi," of 13,220 tons, 15,500 I.H.P. and 20 knots speed, carry four 8-in., twenty-two 6-in. and other smaller guns, and are protected by 6-in. armour . Since the war several vessels of this type have been built, including three of a new " Bayan " class, 7900 tons displacement, 19,000 I.H.P., 22 knots, armed with two 8-in., eight 6-in., twenty 12-pdr. and other smaller guns, and protected by 6-in. armour; and the " Rurik," built at Barrow in 1906, 490 ft. in length, 15,190 tons displacement, 19,100 I.H.P. and 211 knots speed, armed with four 10-in. guns mounted in pairs in barbettes forward and aft, eight 8-in. and twenty 4.7-in. guns, and protected by a complete belt of armour 12 ft. deep, 6 in. thick amidships, tapering to 4 in. forward and 3 in. aft.
Italy .Italy possesses several protected cruisers of the " Piemonte " type already described as well as a number of smaller vessels. She was in 1910 building scouts of the " Quarto " type of about 3500 tons displacement and 27 knots, armed with 4.7-in. and 12-pdr. guns. The most notable Italian cruisers are, however, those of the " Garibaldi " class, which are heavily armed, well armoured and of moderate speed. They have been developed from the " Marco Polo " type, which comprises three vessels; the " Marco Polo," launched in 1892, of 4500 tons, 19 knots, armed with six 6-in., ten 4.7-in. and several smaller guns, and protected by a 4-in. armour belt as well as a steel deck; the " Vettor Pisani " and the " Carlo Alberto," which are of 6400 tons, carry twelve 6-in., six 4.7-in., fourteen 6-pdr. and other smaller guns. The " Giuseppe Garibaldi ," " Varese " and " Francesco Ferrucio,"
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